Research Highlight: Erin McDonnell

Recent graduate Erin McDonnell had the opportunity to present at SDB conference with Dr. Lassiter. I had the opportunity to interview her and get her take on her conference experience.

Can you describe what your research project is about?

At its core, my research project centered around ideas of Behavioral Neuroscience and Toxicology. My experiment looked at the development of zebrafish embryos while being exposed to a chemical compound called Tributlytin (TBT).  I measured brain areas of certain regions and the length of the notochord through phase contrast microscopy. Once the brain had been imaged, I let them develop further in the chemical environment to the age where they could swim and tested for a specific behavioral response. The response that I measured was how long the embryos swam around after being startled.  This was done in order to establish a link between the chemical’s effects on the body as well as later developed behavioral patterns that may be extrapolated to humans. 
We found that TBT does have an impact on how the brain and notochord develop as well as how larvae interact with their environment. Specifically, my research showed that exposure to this chemical, even at 0.1 nM, decreased the size of the forebrain, increased the length of the notochord and increased the amount of time the larvae stayed in a startled state. Other behavioral abnormalities were also found that offers many doors in future directions for expanding the project.

What made you decide to pursue your topic?

         Ultimately, I wanted to work on a project that truly integrated both Psychology and Biology to greater explore the neurological, and I have always had a fascination with the “black box” of Psychology, the concept that the mind can only be explored in matters of influencing input and describing the output. This concept of what is going in affects what is there and changes something that is expressed was an attainable premise to build upon, and is the idea that the project centers on. Marrying that idea to another of my major interests of not knowing how certain drugs and chemicals work within living systems is how I decided to pursue the full topic of the project. 

Talk about the conference experience.

The conference that I went to was the Society for Developmental Biology’s 78thannual meeting. The conference spanned a variety of developmental biology topics such as Evolutionary Biology, Epigenetics, modeling human pathologies, Regeneration and Organogenesis, and new live imaging techniques. My research was accepted for presentation during a poster session that had other neurodevelopment and related projects from all over the nation as well as a few from visiting countries. This was my first conference ever, and at first it was a tad overwhelming. Once I got into the rhythm of the conference, however, everything was incredible.  I learned so much about things I had never even thought about before, all while having a great time interacting with new people and getting to see a different side of my professor. Going to a conference is yet another way to experience a field of study in a more hands on way. I got to hear from top minds in the field and people on more my level of study about the research they have done, where the field is going, and also just simply what excites them about science. It was a whirlwind experience that I think everyone that can, should have. It is also one that, no matter who you are, will gain something from it.  

Why would someone be interested in your findings at a conference?

Personally, I wanted to present my findings at a conference in order to get the experience of presenting as well as network with people I would likely never have the opportunity to meet outside of that conference. It is one thing to present to a room of peers, or even colleagues, but presenting in a space filled with strangers of who most have advanced degrees and want to speak with you about your work is another. It is one that is exhilarating, at times nerve wracking, but in its entirety unique.
While I am a bit biased, my findings alone were intriguing due to the unexplored nature of the chemical I chose and what I ended up finding. I wanted to get the chance to tell other people about what I had done and found.  I was looking at zebrafish and how they reacted in ways that I thought might be seen affecting humans. So not only are there developmental and purely biological implications, but one might be interested in presenting my research at a conference that focuses on health, environmental risk factors for disease or human ecological impacts.  I would love to have someone take a look at the work that I have done and expand on it. My project was meant as a stepping stone that I hope a student will take up in the future.

Summer Scholar Research Highlights

Stephanie Zemba ’21

Major: Sociology

Title:Social Isolation Among Aging Immigrants

Abstract: Health consequences of social isolation are well-documented. Older immigrants are particularly vulnerable to social isolation due to the stresses associated with aging in a foreign country. The projected increase in foreign-born elders makes social isolation an important phenomenon to study. The proposed research will employ semi-structured interviews to explore whether and how social isolation is experienced by immigrant elders in the Roanoke Valley. Investigating social isolation among immigrant elders who live in an area where their ethnic group is underrepresented will provide a greater understanding of the challenges these elders face and potentially help local organizations address their needs.

Something about the scholar: Stephanie is a junior at Roanoke College, majoring in sociology. She was born and raised in Greensburg, Pennsylvania. Through the Research Fellows program and an independent study course, Steph is involved with two ongoing research projects in the Sociology department on interfaith dating and nondrinking students. She is a member of the French and Culture Shock clubs on campus, and her hobbies include creative writing, reading, and painting. Her friends like to joke that if you can’t find Steph in the library, you’ll find her attending office hours. Steph’s future plans include attending graduate school, earning a PhD in sociology, and becoming a college professor.


Nathaniel Willis ’20

Major: History, Political Science

Title: Religion and Politics in the Middle East: A Comparative Study of Christian Communities in Egypt, Lebanon, and Israel

Abstract: The relationship between religion and state is an important component of the political dynamic of the countries of the Middle East and North Africa, and while Islam is the predominate religion in these areas, Christian Minorities play a notable role in the region. These communities include the Coptic Christians of Egypt, Maronite Christians of Lebanon, and the numerous Christian churches in Israel and Palestine. This study is a comparative analysis of how each community directly and indirectly participates in the political and civil service apparatuses of their respective countries.

Something about the scholar: Nathaniel is a senior from Bedford, Virginia and is a History and Political Science double major. His primary interest of study is the intersection of religion with the fields of politics and history, which is an interest likely influenced by his parents, one of whom is a professor of religious studies at Lynchburg College and the other an ordained Presbyterian minister. Nathaniel is involved in Roanoke College athletics, having participated for 3 seasons of Cross Country and 2 seasons of Track and Field. Nathaniel has spent his past three years at Roanoke working as a student assistant (churl) for the History Department, as well as spending a semester in Washington, D.C. working as an intern for the U.S. Department of State.

 

Summer Scholar Research Highlights

Dylan Sullivan ’20

Major: Chemistry

Title: Development of a Low-Cost Fluorescence Spectrometer

Abstract: The technique of fluorescence spectroscopy utilizes light to determine unknown concentrations of molecules. The actual instrument used, a fluorimeter, costs over $30,000 so most students lack access to learn about and use this technique. In this research, I propose to develop a fully-functional LEGO-based fluorimeter as a cost efficient alternative to a commercial fluorimeter. Specifically, I will determine how various components and engineering designs affect the LEGO fluorimeter’s performance. Afterwards, I will then utilize this instrument to characterize the speed of an enzymatic reaction, with an end goal of developing a laboratory experiment to be used by Roanoke College students.

Something about the scholar: Dylan is from Fredericksburg, Virginia and is currently a senior at Roanoke College. He is majoring in Chemistry and is looking to attend a graduate program for a Ph.D. in Chemistry after his graduation. Dylan is also currently working as a chemistry departmental assistant under Dr. Keithley’s mentorship. When it comes to chemistry courses he has previously taken, he enjoys organic chemistry and quantitative chemistry the most.


 

Andrew Webb ’20

Major: Applied Computer Science

Title: Creating Interactive Fire Spread in VR

Abstract: The project is focusing on creating a program that can take the United States Forest Service’s Fire Spread data and put it into a Virtual Reality space. From there, the Virtual Reality space will be used to create training programs for US Forest Service Firefighters to better learn how to handle forest fires.

Something about the scholar: Andrew is a Senior Applied Computer Science Student. A New Mexican student, he prefers to consider himself a Roanoker. When he isn’t busy working on VR forests, he likes to explore the local ones.

Summer Scholar Research Highlights

Andrew Droubay ‘20

Major: Computer Science & Mathematics

Title: Pointer Visualization and Education in C++ Through Gamification

Abstract:The syntactic and theoretical use of pointers within computer programming is often a difficult obstacle to intermediate students. Solutions involving visualizations and practice problems have been used before, but a better result may be obtained through gamifying the problem. This project aims to create an enjoyable, educational, and visual game that will reinforce the use of pointers within a computer science curriculum. The game’s effectiveness will be tested on a group of students in CPSC 170 at Roanoke College.

Something about the scholar:  Andrew is a math and computer science major and IT programmer at Roanoke College, where he writes forms and web applications for the college’s website and internal IT use. He has been inducted into Alpha Lambda Delta, the freshman honor society, and Pi Mu Epsilon, the national mathematics honor society, and has been a member of the President’s or Dean’s list each semester at Roanoke. He enjoys computer science as a problem solving challenge yielding tangible results. When he’s not studying, he likes to spend his time fishing, woodworking, or designing, studying, and playing video games.

Mark Maust ‘20

Major:Chemistry

Title:Optimization and Investigation of a novel palladium-catalyzed olefin difunctionalization

Abstract:Organic compounds are molecules are compounds that can be found everywhere in modern life. The creation of organic compounds is often tedious and costly, so exploring opportunities to efficiently synthesize these compounds is of interest. An essential component to the synthesis of organic molecules is the formation of carbon-carbon bonds. Palladium has shown capabilities to form carbon-carbon bonds and thus has been utilized widely in organic synthesis. Specifically, this research investigates the transformation of a carbon-carbon double bond through a novel pathway using palladium to gain a deeper understanding of the reaction so others can utilize it in their investigations.

Something about the scholar: A third year Chemistry major, Mark has an interest for the discovery and excitement that is associated with research. In the summer of 2017, Mark began his research in the Brenzovich lab where he began studying a palladium-catalyzed olefin difunctionalization reaction. During his research time, Mark has successfully created unique compounds that have provided insight into the step-by-step process of how the reaction occurs. The work he performed has been presented at the national American Chemical Society Conference (March 2018) and is currently being prepared for publication. Mark plans to continue his research and take his love for discovery to graduate school to further his education in organic synthesis and hopefully start a career in pharmaceutical research. 

RC Showcase of Research & Creativity

On April 5th, approximately 40 RC students had the opportunity to present their work at the Roanoke College Showcase of Research and Creativity. 

Top awards went to . . .


First Place: Katie Hefele –– Cardiac function in the American lobster: How does pericardial sinus pressure relate to pressure inside the heart? 

Dr. Dar Jorgensen, Biology


Second Place: Matt Johnson –– Kinetics studies of archaeal PurO and PurH1-related cyclohydrolases

Dr. Cathy Sarisky, Chemistry


Third Place was a tie between: 

Kasey Ansell –– Active Commuting and Weight-Related Health Status in Elementary School-Aged Youth: A Preliminary Investigation

Dr. Liz Ackley, Health and Human Performance

Erin McDonnell –– Effects on nervous system development and anxious state behavioral patterns of zebrafish (Danio rerio) from short term exposure to Tributyltin (TBT)

Dr. Chris Lassiter, Biology


Summer Scholar Research Highlights

Jared Boone ’20

Major: Political Science & French

Title: Power Structures and Political Tradition: An Explanation for the Disparate Healthcare Outcomes Between the United States and France

Abstract: The United States and France have distinctly different healthcare systems and these differences are shown in nearly every measure. It is unique that two western Republics with very similar systems of governance, values, traditions, and global interests have created such different systems and this project seeks to answer the question of why. A three-pronged approach is taken for each country which focuses on the key actors of each system. First, a history of the contemporary health system is treated which outlines the development of the major actors as well as the politics that surrounded this development. Then follows an examination of how these key actors interact when reform efforts are undertaken by the government in order to guard their own respective interest. Finally, specific recent reforms are examined specifically focusing on the political process involving such key actors and how they influenced the ultimate political outcome. Interviews of students, doctors, and academics in each system are used to supplement the research. Through the understanding the political structure of each respective system, this project seeks to understand the disparate result of the two systems.

Something about the scholar: Jared is a rising senior in the Honors program that began to enjoy the study of politics during the presidential primaries of the 2016 election. During this time, he was a bored high school student, but these events sparked his realization that in our modern world, the domain of politics is among the last in which, as a nation, we fight with one another for what we think is right. However divisive this process may be, Jared believes that this constant battle of ideas is important for the health of our local, national, and global society. Regarding his study of French, this is something that he undertook starting his freshman year in high school and never had the heart to let go. So, he made it a second major and now he seeks to one day be able to call himself bilingual in the French language and culture. Further, he seeks to begin to put that skill to use in this project which he is completing for the Roanoke College Honors Program, out of love for the political process seen in different cultures, and to give himself a boost for his upcoming career. In his free time, Jared enjoys music, biking and chess among other things. If he’s not working on his project, taking shots of espresso while hovering over his online chessboard or at choir practice, you can probably find him on one of the beautiful nature trails in Roanoke.

Emma Coogan ‘20

Major: Biology

Title: Testing the Limits of Perception and Cognition of the Odorous House Ant Tapinoma sessile

Abstract: I propose experiments with the well-known odorous house ant (Tapinoma sessile) to determine their color vision abilities, and then, to determine their ability to recognize themselves through the mirror test paradigm often used in studies of animal cognition. My research will build upon and test controversial published work demonstrating self-recognition in a single species of Myrmica ants. If ants exhibit self-recognition, we would better understand the limits of cognitive abilities of insects, compared to vertebrates—so-called higher animals—as very few animal species pass the mirror test.

Something about the scholar: Emma is a rising senior at Roanoke College, majoring in Biology and minoring in Psychology. With a deep passion for ecology as well as comprehending alternative viewpoints, she has studied a variety of resources outside the classroom—such as Joseph Campbell’s Hero of a Thousand Faces and Measuring Behavior: An Introductory Guide by Paul Martin and Patrick Bateson. She has thrown herself into the realms of interning and volunteering in both wildlife rehabilitation and zoological institutes. Having a strong belief in animals’ rights as well as human rights, she hopes to foster human respect for the other lifeforms with which they share the planet so that both groups might be brought closer together.